Case 1 Virtual-link between for Area 3 with Transit area 4
R6
R6#sh ip ospf nei
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
55.5.5.5 1 FULL/DR 00:00:36 56.0.0.5 FastEthernet0/1
R6#
R6#sh ip route ospf
5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 5.5.5.5 [110/11] via 56.0.0.5, 00:00:56, FastEthernet0/1
No route from other Areas
R6#sh ip ospf border-routers
OSPF Router with ID (66.6.6.6) (Process ID 10)
Base Topology (MTID 0)
No Border-routers available
R5
R5#sh ip ospf nei
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
66.6.6.6 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:34 56.0.0.6 FastEthernet0/1
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:39 25.0.0.2 FastEthernet0/0
R5# sh ip ospf border-routers
OSPF Router with ID (55.5.5.5) (Process ID 10)
i 2.2.2.2 [10] via 25.0.0.2, FastEthernet0/0, ABR, Area 4, SPF 3
*****************8
***************************
Gateway of last resort is not set
6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 6.6.6.6 [110/11] via 56.0.0.6, 00:14:31, FastEthernet0/1
9.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 9.9.9.9 [110/10011] via 25.0.0.2, 00:12:25, FastEthernet0/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 13.0.0.0 [110/30] via 25.0.0.2, 00:12:25, FastEthernet0/0
16.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 16.0.0.0 [110/20] via 56.0.0.6, 00:14:31, FastEthernet0/1
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 23.0.0.0 [110/20] via 25.0.0.2, 00:12:25, FastEthernet0/0
34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 34.0.0.0 [110/21] via 25.0.0.2, 00:12:25, FastEthernet0/0
102.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 102.1.0.0 [110/11] via 25.0.0.2, 00:12:25, FastEthernet0/0
172.16.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O IA 172.16.0.2 [110/10] via 25.0.0.2, 00:12:25, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 172.16.0.4 [110/10010] via 25.0.0.2, 00:12:25, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 172.16.0.9 [110/10010] via 25.0.0.2, 00:12:25, FastEthernet0/0
Hear in this example R6 does not have routes from another AREA and dos not have any border routers.because this area is not attached to AREA 0
to resolve this we make virtual link between AREA 3 and AREA 0 via AREA 4
R2
R2#sh ip ospf nei
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
39.1.4.1 1 FULL/DR 00:00:35 23.0.0.3 FastEthernet0/1
44.4.4.4 0 FULL/ - 00:01:50 172.16.0.4 Tunnel0
172.16.0.9 0 FULL/ - 00:01:50 172.16.0.9 Tunnel0
55.5.5.5 1 FULL/DR 00:00:30 25.0.0.5 FastEthernet0/0
R2(config)#router ospf 10
R2(config-router)#area 4 virtual-link 55.5.5.5
R5
R5#sh ip ospf nei
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
66.6.6.6 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:34 56.0.0.6 FastEthernet0/1
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:39 25.0.0.2 FastEthernet0/0
R5(config)#router ospf 10
R5(config-router)#area 4 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
R5#sh ip ospf nei
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
2.2.2.2 0 FULL/ - - 25.0.0.2 OSPF_VL0
66.6.6.6 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:37 56.0.0.6 FastEthernet0/1
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:33 25.0.0.2 FastEthernet0/0
R5#
R5#sh ip ospf virtual-links
Virtual Link OSPF_VL0 to router 2.2.2.2 is up
Run as demand circuit
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transit area 4, via interface FastEthernet0/0
Topology-MTID Cost Disabled Shutdown Topology Name
0 10 no no Base
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
Hello due in 00:00:05
Adjacency State FULL (Hello suppressed)
Index 1/2, retransmission queue length 0, number of retransmission 0
First 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last retransmission scan length is 0, maximum is 0
Last retransmission scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Now in R6
R6#sh ip ospf border-routers
OSPF Router with ID (66.6.6.6) (Process ID 10)
Base Topology (MTID 0)
i 55.5.5.5 [10] via 56.0.0.5, FastEthernet0/1, ABR, Area 3, SPF 18
R6
Sh Ip route ospf
5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 5.5.5.5 [110/11] via 56.0.0.5, 00:22:05, FastEthernet0/1
9.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 9.9.9.9 [110/10021] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/1
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 13.0.0.0 [110/40] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/1
15.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 15.0.0.0 [110/50] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/1
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 23.0.0.0 [110/30] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/1
25.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 25.0.0.0 [110/20] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:41, FastEthernet0/1
34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 34.0.0.0 [110/31] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/1
55.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 55.5.5.5 [110/11] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:41, FastEthernet0/1
102.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 102.1.0.0 [110/21] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/1
172.16.0.0/32 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O IA 172.16.0.2 [110/20] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/1
O IA 172.16.0.4 [110/31] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/1
O IA 172.16.0.9 [110/10020] via 56.0.0.5, 00:06:26, FastEthernet0/1
R6#
R6#trace 9.9.9.9
Type escape sequence to abort.
Tracing the route to 9.9.9.9
VRF info: (vrf in name/id, vrf out name/id)
1 56.0.0.5 152 msec 212 msec 156 msec R5
2 25.0.0.2 268 msec 264 msec 160 msec R2
3 172.16.0.9 716 msec 428 msec 444 msec
R6#
Authentication
R2
router ospf 10
auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
area 0 authentication
area 4 virtual-link 55.5.5.5 authentication-key cisco
or
router ospf 10
auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
area 4 virtual-link 55.5.5.5 authentication authentication-key cisco
R5
router ospf 10
auto-cost reference-bandwidth 1000
area 0 authentication
area 4 virtual-link 2.2.2.2 authentication-key cisco
or
router ospf 10
area 4 virtual-link 2.2.2.2 authentication authentication-key cisco
Logs
R5#sh ip ospf int
OSPF_VL0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 25.0.0.5/24, Area 0, Attached via Not Attached
Process ID 10, Router ID 55.5.5.5, Network Type VIRTUAL_LINK, Cost: 10
Topology-MTID Cost Disabled Shutdown Topology Name
0 10 no no Base
::::::::::
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT
:::::::::;
Simple password authentication enabled
%OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 10, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on OSPF_VL0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Interface down or detached
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